A dental abscess is a pocket of pus caused by a bacterial infection at or near a tooth root. It causes severe throbbing pain, swelling, and often fever. A dental abscess is always a dental emergency — it will not go away on its own and can spread to the jaw, neck, and beyond if left untreated.
Types of Dental Abscess
Periapical abscess
The most common type — forms at the tip of the tooth root when bacteria from a cavity or crack reach the pulp (the inner nerve and blood vessel tissue). The infection spreads to the surrounding bone.
Periodontal abscess
Forms in the gum tissue beside the tooth root, usually as a result of gum disease. Bacteria become trapped in a deep gum pocket and cause a localized infection.
Gingival abscess
A localized infection in the gum tissue only, often caused by a foreign object (like a popcorn kernel) becoming lodged in the gum. Does not involve the tooth root.
How Is a Dental Abscess Treated?
Drain the abscess
Your dentist will make a small incision to drain the pus and relieve pressure. This provides immediate pain relief.
Treat the source
A root canal removes the infected pulp and seals the tooth to prevent reinfection. If the tooth cannot be saved, extraction is performed.
Antibiotics
Antibiotics are often prescribed to control the infection, especially if it has spread to surrounding tissue.
Follow-up care
After the infection is resolved, your dentist will discuss options for restoring the tooth (such as a crown after a root canal) or replacing it (such as an implant after extraction).
Go to the ER If You Have These Signs
Swelling spreading toward the neck or throat
Difficulty swallowing or breathing
High fever with tooth pain
Swelling that is rapidly getting worse
Frequently Asked Questions
Dental Abscess? Call Us Now.
A dental abscess is always an emergency. Call Merchants Walk Dental in Marietta for same-day care — we will drain the abscess, relieve your pain, and treat the source of the infection.
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